# uv 安装和使用 * 什么是 uv uv 是由 Astral 公司开发的一款用 Rust 编写的 Python 包管理器和环境管理器，主要目标是提供比现有工具快 10-100 倍的性能，同时保持简单直观的用户体验 uv 可以替代 pip、virtualenv、pip-tools、pyenv 等工具，提供依赖管理、虚拟环境创建、Python 版本管理等一站式服务 * uv 安装安装速度与时段有关，早晨安装迅速，晚上卡住不动使用官方安装脚本 ```plaintext $ curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh downloading uv 0.12.3 x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu installing to /home/.../.local/bin uv uvx everything's installed! To add $HOME/.local/bin to your PATH, either restart your shell or run: source $HOME/.local/bin/env (sh, bash, zsh) source $HOME/.local/bin/env.fish (fish) ``` 重开 shell，已经安装成功 ```plaintext $ uv -V uv 0.12.3 (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu) ``` * 使用 uv 使用指定 Python 版本创建虚拟环境 ```plaintext $ uv venv --python 3.14.7 ``` 激活虚拟环境 ```plaintext $ source .venv/bin/activate (TEST) :~/桌面/TEST $ python -V Python 3.14.7 ``` 查看可用的 Python 版本 ```plaintext $ uv python list cpython-3.15.0rc1-linux-x86_64-gnu cpython-3.15.0rc1+freethreaded-linux-x86_64-gnu cpython-3.14.7-linux-x86_64-gnu /.local/share/uv/python/cpython-3.14-linux-x86_64-gnu/bin/python3.14 cpython-3.14.7+freethreaded-linux-x86_64-gnu cpython-3.13.15-linux-x86_64-gnu cpython-3.13.15+freethreaded-linux-x86_64-gnu cpython-3.13.5-linux-x86_64-gnu /usr/bin/python3.13 cpython-3.13.5-linux-x86_64-gnu /usr/bin/python3 -> python3.13 cpython-3.12.13-linux-x86_64-gnu cpython-3.11.15-linux-x86_64-gnu cpython-3.10.20-linux-x86_64-gnu cpython-3.9.25-linux-x86_64-gnu cpython-3.8.20-linux-x86_64-gnu pypy-3.11.15-linux-x86_64-gnu pypy-3.10.16-linux-x86_64-gnu pypy-3.9.19-linux-x86_64-gnu pypy-3.8.16-linux-x86_64-gnu graalpy-3.12.0-linux-x86_64-gnu graalpy-3.11.0-linux-x86_64-gnu graalpy-3.10.0-linux-x86_64-gnu graalpy-3.8.5-linux-x86_64-gnu ``` 安装各种库 ```plaintext $ uv pip install pandas $ uv pip install networkx $ uv pip install rustworkx $ uv pip install seaborn $ uv pip install scipy $ uv pip install polars $ uv pip install duckdb ``` 安装 jupyter ```plaintext $ uv pip install jupyter $ jupyter notebook ``` 要显示已安装包的信息 ```plaintext $ uv pip show pandas Name: pandas Version: 3.0.5 Location: /TEST/.venv/lib/python3.14/site-packages Requires: numpy, python-dateutil Required-by: seaborn ``` 查看已安装的包 ```plaintext $ uv pip list Package Version ``` 验证环境 ```plaintext $ uv pip check Checked 112 packages in 1ms All installed packages are compatible ```